Fig. 3

Sex-specific gene signatures of aortic B cells in aged Ldlr^−/− mice. A UMAP plots and stacked diagram of B cell clusters in the aorta of Ldlr^−/− mice. B Volcano plot displaying differentially expressed genes of the total B cell subclustering between aged male and female Ldlr^−/− mice. C Average expression of biological process-associated genes in B cell clusters split by sex. D Absolute number of age-associated B cells in the aortas of aged male and female Ldlr^−/− mice was measured with flow cytometry. E Sex-specific gene expression level of age-associated B cell-specific markers in cluster 2. F Volcano plot of cluster 2 displaying differentially expressed genes between male and female. Sex-specific expression level of G zinc-finger protein genes in cluster 2, H immunoglobulin isotype genes in all B cell clusters, and I genes differentially expressed in cluster 1. Flow cytometry data are from n = 12–14 mice per group. Statistical significance was tested by a t-test. Mean ± S.E.M. plotted. **P < 0.01