Fig. 3

Irisin improves memory deficit and synaptic dysfunction in P301S mice. (A) Novel object recognition (NOR) test showed the preference index for WT and P301S mice with or without irisin treatment during training and testing phases. N = 12 mice for each group. (B-G) Morris water maze (MWM) test was performed to evaluate the spatial learning and memory abilities in WT and P301S mice with or without irisin treatment. Latency to find the hidden platform during 5 training trials (B). Representative swimming track (C), latency first entrance to target (D), target crossing times (E), duration in zone (F), and swimming speed (G) of mice on the probe test day. N = 12 mice for each group. (H-I) Representative western blots (H) and quantitative analysis (I) of postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) and Synaptophysin (SYP) protein levels in the hippocampus. N = 6 mice for each group. (J-K) Representative images of Golgi staining (J) and quantitative analysis (K) of spine density in the hippocampal neurons. Scale bar, 10 μm. N = 30 neurons from 3 mice for each group. Data were presented as mean ± SD. B: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 (WT vs. P301S);^#p < 0.05 (P301S vs. P301S + Irisin). Others: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001